Term applied to painting produced in more or less sophisticated societies but lacking conventional expertise in representation of skills. Colours are characteristically birght and non-naturalistic, perspective non-scientific, and the vision childlike or literal-minded. Henri Rousseau was the first naive painter to win serious critical recognition. A number a major group exhibitions in the 1920s and 1930s helped to develop public taste for naive artists, notaly "Masters of Popular Painting: Modern Primitives of Europe and America" at the Museum of Modern Art, New York, in 1938.
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