The term "Northern Renaissance" is applied to the transmission of Italian imagery and ideals to the rest of Europe. The acceptance of the ideals was due above all to Dürer. The Netherlands with their strong Gothic tradition were slow to accept the Renaissance. There was, however, a difference of outlook between the two cultures. In Italy change was inspired by Humanism, with its emphasis on the revival of the values of classical antiquity. In the North, change was driven by another set of preoccupations: religious reform, the return to ancient Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church. As in Italy, the Northern Renaissance ended with a Mannerist phase.
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